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Valley - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Valley
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This article is about the physical-geographic term. For places named "Valley", see
Valley (disambiguation).
U-shaped valley in
Glacier National Park in
Montana,
United States.
Fljótsdalur in East
Iceland, a rather flat valley (in Scotland, this type of valley is called a "strath")
A glaciated valley in the
Mount Hood Wilderness showing a characteristic U-shape, the bottom's rocky 'rubble' accretion and the broad shoulders
In
geology, a valley or
dale is a
depression with predominant extent in one direction. A very deep
river valley may be called a
canyon or gorge.
The terms
U-shaped and
V-shaped are descriptive terms of
geography to characterize the form of valleys. Most valleys belong to one of these two main types or a mixture of them, at least with respect of the
cross section of the slopes or hillsides.
Contents
Name
A valley in its broadest geographic sense is also known as a dale. A valley through which a river runs may also be referred to as a vale. A small, secluded, and often wooded valley is known as a
dell, or in Scotland as a glen. A wide, flat valley through which a river runs is known in Scotland as a strath. A small valley surrounded by mountains is known as a hollow. A deep, narrow valley is known as a coon (also spelled combe or coombe). Similar geological structures, such as
canyons,
ravines, gorges,
gullies, and kloofs, are not usually referred to as valleys.
River valleys
For a comprehensive list of world wide river valleys see:
River valleys (category)
Further information:
River phenomenon
A valley formed by
flowing water, or river valley, is usually V-shaped. The exact shape will depend on the characteristics of the stream flowing through it. Rivers with steep gradients, as in
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