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Valet
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valet in
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Valet and varlet are terms for
male servants who serve as personal attendants to their employer.
Contents
Word origins
In the
Middle Ages, the
valet de chambre to a ruler was a prestigious appointment for young men. In England however, unlike France, these court roles later came to be called "
grooms".
In English, valet as "personal man-servant" is recorded since 1567, though use of the term in the French-speaking English medieval court is older, and the variant form varlet is cited from 1456 (
OED). Both are French importations of valet (the t being silent in French) or varlet, Old French variants of vaslet "man's servant," originally "squire, young man," assumed to be from Gallo-Romance *vassellittus "young nobleman, squire, page," diminutive of Medieval Latin
vassallus, from vassus "servant", possibly cognate to an Old Celtic root wasso- "young man, squire" (source of Welsh gwas "youth, servant," Breton goaz "servant, vassal, man," Irish foss "servant").
See
yeoman, possibly derived from yonge man, a related term.
The modern use is usually short for the valet de chambre (French for 'valet of the chamber' - in modern terms the bedroom, though not originally so), described in the following section.
Since the 16th century, the word has traditionally been pronounced as rhyming with pallet, though an alternative pronunciation, rhyming with chalet, as in French, is now common. The
Oxford English Dictionary lists both pronunciations as valid.
Domestic valet
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A valet or gentleman's gentleman is a gentleman's male
servant, the closest male equivalent to a
lady's maid.
The valet performs personal services such as maintaining his employer's clothes, running his bath and perhaps (especially in the past) shaving his employer.
In a
great house, the
master of the house had his own valet, and in the very grandest great houses, other adult members of the employing family (e.g. master's sons) would also have their own valets.
At a court, even minor princes and high officials may be assigned...
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