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Berry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Berry
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For other uses, see
Berry (disambiguation).
Four fruits that are true berries (size not to scale). Clockwise from right:
Concord grapes,
persimmon,
red gooseberries,
red currants (top)
The botanical definition of a berry is a fleshy
fruit produced from a single
ovary.
Grapes are an example. The berry is the most common type of fleshy fruit in which the entire ovary wall ripens into an edible pericarp. They may have one or more carpels with a thin covering and fleshy interiors. The seeds are usually embedded in the flesh of the ovary. A plant that bears berries is said to be bacciferous. Many species of plants produce fruit that are similar to berries, but not actually berries, and these are said to be baccate.
In everyday English, "berry" is a term for any small edible fruit. These "berries" are usually juicy, round or semi-oblong, brightly coloured, sweet or sour, and do not have a stone or pit, although many seeds may be present.
Many berries, such as the
tomato, are edible, but others in the same family, such as the fruits of the deadly nightshade (
Atropa belladonna) and the fruits of the
potato (Solanum tuberosum) are
poisonous to humans. Some berries, such as
Capsicum, have space rather than pulp around their seeds.
Contents
Botanical berries
Several types of common "berries" are shown, only one of which (the blueberry) is a berry by botanical definition. Blackberries are
aggregate fruit composed of many
drupelets, and strawberries are aggregate
accessory fruit.
In
botanical language, a berry is a simple fruit having
seeds and pulp produced from a single
ovary; the ovary can be
inferior or
superior.
Examples of botanical berries include:
Bearberry (Arctostaphylos spp.)
Barberry (Berberis;
Berberidaceae...
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