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Alloy
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This article is about the type of material. For the specification language, see
Alloy (specification language). For alloyed wheels, see
alloy wheel.
Steel is a metal alloy whose major component is
iron, with
carbon content between 0.02% and 2.14% by mass.
An alloy is a
metallic solid solution composed of two or more
elements. Complete solid solution alloys give single solid
phase microstructure, while partial solutions give two or more phases that may or may not be
homogeneous in distribution, depending on thermal (heat treatment) history. Alloys usually have different properties from those of the component elements.
Alloy constituents are usually measured by mass.
Contents
Theory
Alloying a metal is done by combining it with one or more other metals or non-metals that often enhances its properties. For example, and Some alloys are made by melting and mixing two or more metals.
Bronze, an alloy of
copper and
tin, was the first alloy discovered, during the
prehistoric period now known as the
bronze age; it was harder than pure copper and originally used to make tools and weapons, but was later superseded by metals and alloys with better properties. In later times bronze has been used for
ornaments,
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